Transforming agriculture through research and innovation for providing adequate and nutritious food to all, minimising food waste and loss, boosting digital and precision technology and access to data to the farmers, combating the transboundary pests and diseases, encouraging investment in agricultural research & innovations for sustainably enhancing agricultural productivity while protecting the biodiversity and local food systems in the realm of climate change and diversification in agri-food value chain is essentially required. The challenges are much formidable than ever before. An innovative and collective effort is required to address such formidable challenges. Hence, in 2011 the G20 Member States decided to address the diverse global challenges in agriculture affecting the people and planet through join agricultural research and innovation strategies as well as implementation of initiatives under new cooperation formats.